Akarsu Ekosistemlerinin Ötrofikasyon Oluşumuna Karşı Hassasiyeti: Sarıçay ve Karamenderes Örnekleri

Özet

The opinion that owing to their hydrological characteristics lotic ecosystems are more resistant to eutrophication is no longer plausible due
to studies showing that these ecosystems are also sensitive to the anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus much like the other aquatic
ecosystems. Land use changes in their catchment due to transformation of natural ecosytems into agricultural land, urbanization and deforestration
is the most important cause for the eutrophication of lotic ecosystems. The amount of annual inputs of phosphorus and nitrogen into lotic ecosystems
has increased by three and two times, respectively due to human made changes in their catchments. These increases together with the effects
caused by alternation of flow and sedimentation regime through building of dams, irrigation channels and impoundments by humans make lotic
ecosystems more prone to eutrophication. The vulnerability of lotic ecosystems against this problem mainly varies depending on soil and geological
characteristics and land use properties of their catchment, flow regime and climate. In general nitrogen and phosphorus inputs are lower into lotic
ecosytems draining areas where natural vegetation is maintained and also accumulation of phosphorus in calcareous soils slows downs its leaching
into receiving water bodies. Human population density in drainage areas of lotic ecosystems is another factor affecting amount of leaching and
nitrogen and phosphorus loading increases with human population density. In this review after a discussion of general characteristics of lotic
ecosystems affecting their eutrophication potentials two lotic ecosystems, Sarıçay and Karamenderes rivers both are in the same geographic climate
zone and were previously studied for their eutrophication potentials were compared for their vulnerability to eutrophication.